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The Skin is part of the ________________ system. |
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Apeendiges of the Integumentary system include; ____, ______, ____ _______. |
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The layers of the skin include the _________ and the ______. |
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There is another layer called the ___________ which lies beneath dermis. |
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Epidermal Cell types include ____________, ___________, _______ cells and _________ cells. |
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Definition
Keratinocytes, Melanocytes, merkel cells, and Langerhans cells. |
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Keratinocytes are ___% of the cells present and are the __________ ________ element of outer skin. |
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Definition
90% of cells present, principal structural element of outer skin |
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Melanocytes are the _____________ cells (5% of the total) and filter __ ______. |
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Definition
pigment-producing, filter UV light |
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Langerhans cells are __________ ________-presenting cells (APCs) and have a role in _________ response. |
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Definition
dendritic antigen-presenting cells, role in immune response |
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Stratum germinativum is also known as the ________ layer. |
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Stratum basale is also known as the _________layer |
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The stratum basale is made up of ______ ________ cells, and are ________. |
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simple columnar cells; mitotic |
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Stratum spinosum is also known as the ______ layer. |
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The stratum spinosum is __ to ___ layers thick. |
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In the stratum spinosum _________ pull cells into ______ shapes. |
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Definition
desmosomes pull cells into spiny shapes |
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Stratum granulosum is also known as the ________ layer. |
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Keratohyalin granules are found in the ________ layer. |
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In the stratum granulosum you will find high levels of __________ enzymes. |
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Stratum lucidum is also known as the _____ layer |
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The stratum lucidum is filled with a ______ precursor called eleidin. |
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Stratum corneum is also known as the _______ layer. |
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The stratum corneum is the ______ superficial. |
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In the stratum corneum has dead cells filled with _______. |
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It takes about ___ days for a new skin layer to be made. |
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Definition
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The epidermis itself is made up of four to five layers. From the lower to upper epidermis, the layers are named: _______ ______, ________ ________, ________ __________, ______ ________. |
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Definition
stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum |
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Shortened turnover time equals a thicker ________ _______. |
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A thicker stratum corneum means that you will have a _____ ________. |
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Dermal-Epidermal Junction is found near the _________ ________. |
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The basement membrane is made up of specialized ________ elements. |
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A _____________ ___ Glues the epidermis to the dermis |
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The ________ ________ is a partial barrier to some cells and large molecules |
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The dermis is the ____ _____, and is thicker then the epidermis. |
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Definition
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The dermis gives _______ to skin. |
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Definition
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Reservoir area is filled with _____ and _________. |
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Various structures of the dermis include: _________ _____ _______, _____ ________, ________ ________, _____ and _______ glands, and ______ ________. |
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Definition
Arrector pili muscles, hair follicles, Sensory receptors, Sweat and sebaceous glands, and Blood vessels. |
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Rich vascular supply assists with __________ regulation. |
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The layers of the Dermis include the ______ and _______ layers. |
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The papillary layer has _______ ________ which project into epidermis. |
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Definition
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The papillary layer has ____, __________, and ______ fibers. |
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Definition
fine, collagenous, and elastic fibers |
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The dermal-epidermal junction is used for __________. |
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Definition
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Reticular layer has _____, interlacing white _________ fibers, and _______ fibers. |
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Definition
dense, collagenous fibers and elastic fibers |
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The dermal layer _______ continually shed and regenerate. |
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Definition
Does not continually shed and regenerate |
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Term
Wounds heal due to fibroblasts forming a
.. |
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Definition
dense mass of new connective fibers |
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Cleavage lines are formed by |
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Definition
collagenous fibers of reticular layer |
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Cleavage lines are also known as _____ ______. |
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Definition
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The dermis forms connection between _____ and other ______. |
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Definition
skin and other structures |
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The dermis is ____ part of the skin. |
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Definition
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Skin Color is caused by _______. |
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Definition
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Skin color equals the quantity, type, and distribution of _______. |
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Definition
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There are two melanin types, ______ and ________. |
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Definition
Eumelanin and Pheomelanin. |
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Eumelanin is a group of ___________ melanins. |
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Definition
Dark brown (almost black) |
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Pheomelanin is a group of _______ and _______ melanins. |
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Definition
reddish and orange melanins |
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Melanin is formed by ____________. |
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Definition
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___________ are packets of melanin. |
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Definition
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Melanosomes are ingested by _________ and form a _______ ____. |
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Definition
Keratinocytes, nuclear cap |
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Melanocytes are affected by exposure to ___, also by hormones including ACTH |
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Definition
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__________ is the congenital absence of melanin. |
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Beta carotene can cause a _______ pigments from food. |
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Hemoglobin with ______ _____. |
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Definition
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Cyanosis is a ______ color of deoxygenated hemoglobin. |
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Definition
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Skin offers protection with |
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Definition
Physical barrier, Reduces potential for mechanical trauma, Prevents dehydration, and Protects from excess UV exposure |
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The physical barrier in skin assists in the protection from __________ and _______ _______. |
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Definition
Microorganisms and Chemical hazards |
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Surface Film of skin offers _________. |
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Definition
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Sweat, oil, sloughed epithelial cells assist with
. |
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Definition
Antibacterial, antifungal activity, Lubrication, Hydration of skin surface, Buffer of caustic irritants, and Blockade of toxic agents |
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The skin is a sophisticated _____ organ |
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Definition
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Somatic sensory receptors allow for
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Definition
pressure, touch, temperature, pain, and other general sensations |
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Definition
Permits change in body contours without injury |
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The skin allows Excretion of
.. |
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Definition
Water and Urea/ammonia/uric acid |
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The skin allows for the production of
.. |
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Definition
Hormone (Vita D) Production |
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Term
The Skin and Immunity: _________ cells destroy bacteria. |
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Definition
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__________ cells activate immune reaction with helper T cells |
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Definition
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The skin allows for Body Temperature ________ |
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Definition
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Heat production must equal _____ _____. |
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Definition
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Heat production is the combined actions of |
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Definition
Body metabolism and Chief determinant. |
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Term
The chief determinat is the amount of _______ ______ being performed. |
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Definition
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Heat loss occurs through the _____ and _______, _______, and _______ tracts. |
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Definition
Skin, respiratory, digestive, and urinary tracts |
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__% of heat loss is through the skin |
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Definition
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__% through respiratory, digestive, and urinary tracts |
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Definition
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Definition
As water evaporates, absorbs heat from body |
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Definition
Indirect heat transfer to an object through air/environment |
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transfer of heat to an object/substance through direct contact |
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Definition
transfer of heat away from a surface by movement of air |
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Definition
Fine, soft hair coat present before birth |
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Definition
Coarse pubic and axillary hair at puberty |
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Definition
is a cluster of capillaries under germinal matrix |
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Definition
part of hair embedded in follicle in dermis |
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Definition
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Definition
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Epidermal cells converted to hard keratin |
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Definition
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Definition
part in groove hidden by skin (cuticle) |
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Definition
moon-shaped white area nearest root |
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Definition
Separation of nail from nail bed |
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The two types of skin sweat glands are.. |
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Definition
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Definition
Most numerous, Wide distribution, Function throughout life, Secrete perspiration or sweat, and Eliminate wastes |
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Term
Apocrine glands have _______ distribution. |
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Definition
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Term
Apocrine glands are located |
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Definition
axilla, areola of breast, and around anus |
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Term
Apocrine glands begin to function when? |
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Definition
Begin to function at puberty |
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Term
Secretion of apocrine glands are _____ in females with the _________ cycle. |
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Definition
Cyclic with menstrual cycle |
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Term
Sebaceous Glands secrete ______. |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
prevents excessive water loss |
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Sebaceous glands have _____ components components which aid in __________ activity. |
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Definition
Lipid, antifungal activiity |
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Term
Sebaceous glands are found everywhere in dermis except the ______ and ______. |
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Definition
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Term
Secretion increases in adolescence and causes _______ and _______. |
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Definition
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Term
Ceruminous glands are modified _______ sweat glands. |
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Definition
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Term
Ceruminous glands are located in the
.. |
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Definition
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Term
Ceruminous glands have a mixed secretion. It is made of ________ and _______-_______. |
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Definition
sebaceous and ceruminous - cerumen (wax) |
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Term
Function of cerumen are to _____ from _______, and _____ _______. |
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Definition
protect from dehydration and excess secretion |
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Term
Childrens skin is smooth, unwrinkled, and characterized by _______ and _______. |
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Definition
Elasticity and flexibility. |
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Term
Childrens skin has ____ sweat glands. |
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Definition
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Childrend skin has ____ healing. |
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Definition
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As adults develop they activate ________ and _____ glands. |
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Definition
sebaceous and sweat glands |
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Term
Increased sweat production which causes _____ _____. |
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Definition
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Term
Increased sebum production which causes _____. |
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Definition
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In old age the skin has decreased ________ and ______ gland activity. |
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Definition
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Term
As you get older the body has a _________ ability to cool itself |
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Definition
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Skin defines the ________ __________ of the body |
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Definition
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Primary functions of the skin are _______ and _________. |
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Definition
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