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Definition
| Validity/Invalidity of certain proposition can be applied using rules of logic |
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| Source of all knowledge is observation |
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Confirmed propositions (rationalism)
"Risky predictions" - chance that theory can fail the test
(this is considered a science)
Flawed by argument that theories live in spite of being disproven |
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Term
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Definition
Scientific development influenced by prevailing "paradigm"
3 Stages
1. Preparadigmatic Stage
2. Normal - "mopping up"
3. Scientific Revolution
Science affected by anomolies |
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Term
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Definition
Behavior determined by causes
Biological, Environmental, Sociocultural |
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Definition
| Behavior probably has causes but we can't measure them |
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Causes of behavior are self generated
aka free will |
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Term
Emergentism
Interactionism |
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Definition
Mental state emerge from bodily state
Mind & body interact |
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Greeks
Olympian vs Dionysian religion |
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Definition
Upper class - breath soul survived death; life after death w/out memory or remnants of past/personality
Transmigration of soul; Recurring birth soul longed for liberation (Soul once god who had sinned and now enslaved in body) |
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Definition
Challenged magic, superstition, mysticism
Find natural explanations to origins structure & processes that occur |
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Term
Thales 625-545 B.C.
"First philosopher" |
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Definition
Natural substance the physis = water
Water substance from which all others are derived
Critical tradition - you have ideas but invite criticism so you can improve on them |
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Anaximander 610-540 B.C.
Student of Thales |
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Definition
Boundless - substance of universe capable of becoming anything
Evolution - humans come from fish |
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Definition
Becoming - how do we know anything if always changing. scientific laws probabilities rather than actualities
Science through senses
1) everything in process/becoming "no man steps in the same river twice" - river becomes something other than what it was when it was first stepped into.
2) all things exist between polarities - winter/summer hot/cold life/death
Only through injustice can justice be known
3) Epistemology - study of knowledge |
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Term
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Definition
Knowledge attained through rational thought
One reality - finite, uniform, motionless, and fixed
Sensory information - only provides illusion |
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Term
| Zeno of Elea 495-430 B.C. |
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Definition
Zeno's Paradox - all change is illusion; being able to think of something implies its existence. What can be thought of must exist at all times
Point A to point B - can never reach point B only half the distance |
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Definition
| Math applied to everything |
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