Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
listeria
bacillus
clostridium
corynebacterium
actinomyces
nocardia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common neonatal meningitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Staph aureus: distinguishing lab markers 4 |
|
Definition
catalase neg
coagulase pos
B-hemolytic
ferments mannatol
yellow on blood agar |
|
|
Term
| staph epidermidis: distinguishing lab markers 4 |
|
Definition
catalase neg
coagulase neg
y-hemolytic
novobicin sensitive |
|
|
Term
| staph saphrophiticus: distinguishing lab markers 4 |
|
Definition
catalase neg
coagulase neg
y-hemolytic
novobicin resistant |
|
|
Term
| strep pneumo: distinguishing lab markers 3 |
|
Definition
catalase neg
a-hemolytic
optochin sensitive
encapsulated
lancet diplococci |
|
|
Term
| strep viridans: distinguishing lab markers 3 |
|
Definition
catalase neg
a-hemolytic
optochin resistant |
|
|
Term
| GAS (S. pyogenes): distinguishing lab markers 5 |
|
Definition
catalase neg
B-hemolytic
bacitracin sensitive
cAMP neg
PYR+ |
|
|
Term
| GBS (S. agalacticae): distinguishing lab markers 5 |
|
Definition
catalase neg
B-hemolytic
bacitracin resistant
cAMP pos
hydraulizes urate |
|
|
Term
| Enterococcus: distinguishing lab markers 4 |
|
Definition
catalase neg
y-hemolytic
PYR+
bile and salt tolerance |
|
|
Term
| S. bovis: distinguishing lab markers 2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| #1 cause meningitis, otitis media, and CA pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how to read MacConkey agar |
|
Definition
only grows GNR
lactose fermentation is puruple |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
E. coli
klebsiella pneumonia
enterobacter cloacae |
|
|
Term
| how to read mannitol salt agar |
|
Definition
only grows GPC
mannitol fermentation in yellow
coag negative (non-aureus) staph is clear
coag positive staph (aureus) is yellow |
|
|
Term
| what is regan lowe agar, how do you read it |
|
Definition
charcoal blood agar
selective: charcoal, blood, antibiotic
only grows bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis |
|
|
Term
| S. aureus: locations, transmission, risk factors |
|
Definition
flora in nares and hands
sneezing, surgery, food, hands
surgical packing, tampons, neutropenia, IV drug users, chronic granulomatous disease, CF |
|
|
Term
| 4 virulence factors of S. aureus and their basic mechanism |
|
Definition
protein A: binds FC of IgG stopping phagocytosis
enterotoxins: heat stable, causes food poisoning
TSST1: superantigen, overstimulates immune response
SSS: bolus lesions
cytolytic / a toxin: pore forming |
|
|
Term
| 7 diseases of S. aureus and the toxin that causes them |
|
Definition
gastroenteritis: enterotoxin
endocarditis: cytolytic toxin
abscess/mastitis
TSS: TSST1
impetigo: exfolatoxin, coagulase, bullase
pneumonia: cytolysins
osteomyelitis: non HIV |
|
|
Term
| what pneumonia has salmon colored sputum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
naficillin/oxacillin
vancomycin if MRSA |
|
|
Term
| 5 virulence factors of GAS and their basic MOA |
|
Definition
hyaluronic acid: non-immunogenic
M-protein: anti-phagocyte, associated with acute GN
streptolysin O: hemolysin/cytolysin, immunogenic
streptolysin S: non-immunogenic
exotoxins: rash and fever in scarlet fever |
|
|
Term
| what GPC can spread fast and why |
|
Definition
GAS
streptokinase, DNAase, hyluronase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pharyngitis
rheumatic fever: auto-Ab to heart, HSN II
scarlet fever: sandpaper rash, groin erythema, strawberry tongue
pyoderma/impetigo
acute GN: HSN III |
|
|
Term
| what glomerularnephritis causes smoky urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what microbes have capsules |
|
Definition
Streptococcus pneumo
Klebsiella pneumonia
Hemophalus influenza
Pseudomonas
Neisseria meningitidis
cryptococcus |
|
|
Term
| most common cause of meningitis in neonate, kid, young adult, adult, unvaccinated, AIDS, transplant pt |
|
Definition
neonate- GBS
kid- S. pneumo
young adult- neisseria
adult- S. pneumo
unvaccinated- H. influenzae
AIDS- cryptococcus
transplant- listeria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ampicillin and aminoglycoside or cephalosporin
must prevent at birth |
|
|
Term
| S. pneumo: location, risk factors |
|
Definition
colonizes nasopharynx
asplenia, COPD, CHF |
|
|
Term
| 4 strep pneumo virulence factors and their basic function |
|
Definition
capsule
IgA protease
pneumolysin O: damages respiratory epithelium, decrease respiratory burst
techichoic acid: chemoattractant for neutrophils |
|
|
Term
| what pneumonia has rust colored sputum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of CA pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do we diagnose S. pneumo 2 |
|
Definition
qualling reaction: see swelling of capsule
latex agglutination: test for antigen in CSF |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pneumonia - macrolide
meningitis - cephalosporin
otitis - B lactam |
|
|
Term
| types of S. pneumo vaccinations 2 |
|
Definition
peds: conjugate
adult: just polysaccharides |
|
|
Term
| give a few examples of S. viridans |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| S. viridans: location, 2 diseases, treatment |
|
Definition
oral flora
subacute endocarditis
cavities
prophylaxis needed for susceptible patients in dental procedures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
endocarditis
POSSIBLE SIGN OF COLON CANCER |
|
|
Term
| E. fecalis disease and tx |
|
Definition
endocarditis in damaged valves
often vancomycin resistant |
|
|
Term
| diseases of enterococci 3 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| B. cerus: appearance, location, disease |
|
Definition
spores, GPR, box like rods
chinese food
gastroenteritis |
|
|
Term
| B. anthryx: appearance, locations |
|
Definition
spores, box like rods, GPR
animals, skins, warfare |
|
|
Term
| B. anthryx: virulence factors |
|
Definition
| anthryx toxin: increases cAMP causing edema and diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| B. anthryx: clinical signs 2 |
|
Definition
CXR: mediastinal widening
cutaneous: black eschar, red border, edema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
careful with antibiotics because breaking up the bug releases the toxin
cipro or doxycycline
toxoid vaccine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cant breathe air
clostridium
bacteroides
actinomyces |
|
|
Term
| clostridium tetani: stain type, appearance, location |
|
Definition
GPR, soil
spores
puncture wounds (killed by O2) |
|
|
Term
| clostridium tetani: virulence |
|
Definition
| tetanus toxin: tetanospasm - blocks glycine and GABA causing muscle spasms |
|
|
Term
| clostridium tetani diseases 2 |
|
Definition
risus sardenicus: lock jaw
tetnus: muscle spasms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
TIG antitoxin
metrenidazole
penicillin
DTaP vaccine prevention of TOXIN NOT INFECTION |
|
|
Term
| C. botuliniun: appearance, location, 2 virulence factors |
|
Definition
GPR
spores
soil and food
AB neurotoxin blocks ACh release
heat labile toxin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adult: INTOXICATION in canned foods
infant: INFECTION causes limpness, flaccid paralysis, due to infection of spores in honey |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adult: trivalent antitoxin
infant: antibiotics can worsen by releasing toxin |
|
|
Term
| C profringens: locations, medial growth, risk factors, appearance |
|
Definition
GPR
soil, colon, food
traumatic implantation
stormy fermentation in milk media
double zone hemolysis |
|
|
Term
| C. profringens: virulence |
|
Definition
| a toxin: causes cell lysis (lecthinas) |
|
|
Term
| C. profringens identifications |
|
Definition
| neigler reaction: growth on egg yolk agar on side without antitoxin signaling lecthinas activity |
|
|
Term
| C. profringens disease and tx |
|
Definition
gangrene: tense skin
hyperbaric O2
antibiotics |
|
|
Term
| Clostridium difficile: 2 virulence factors ad diagnostic method |
|
Definition
toxin A: enterotoxin damages mucosa and attracts granulocytes
toxin B: cytoplasmic cytotoxin
screen stool for toxin |
|
|
Term
| C. diff diseases and treatment |
|
Definition
associated with clindamycin and cephalosporins
causes pseudomembranous colitis (yellow plaques)
metronidazole, vancomycin if resistant |
|
|
Term
| listeria: appearance, location, virulence factors |
|
Definition
GPR without spores
facultative intracellular
tumbling motility / actin jet motility
listrolysin O
B hemolysin
cold growth: ice cream, cold cuts, hot dogs, cheese |
|
|
Term
| what is actin jet motility and what 3 bugs have it |
|
Definition
listeria, shigella, EIEC
spear of actin punctures cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pregnancy listeriosis: pregnancy allows immune supression, fever, chills, mono like, crosses placenta
neonatal: early granuloma, later meningitis
meninigits: in elderly and renal pt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| corynebacterium: appearance, growth requirements, |
|
Definition
no spores, GPR
aerobic diptheroids
club shape
tellurite medium
chinese letters (V/L) |
|
|
Term
| corynebacterium virulence factor |
|
Definition
diptheria toxin: decreases protein synthesis
adds ADP-ribose to eEF-2 |
|
|
Term
| what two bugs decrease protein synthesis via ADP-ribose/eEF-2 pathway |
|
Definition
| diptheria and pseudomonas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
localized microbe but toxin goes systemic
dirty gray pseudomembrane that bleeds when scraped
toxin targets heart and nerves (myocarditis, palsies, neuritis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elik test: if strain makes toxin it makes percipitation line with antitoxin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
erythromycin and antitoxin
prevent with vaccine |
|
|
Term
| two branching bacteria, how can you tell them apart |
|
Definition
actinomyctes: GPR, branching, ANAEROBE, has SULFUR GRANULES, causes SOLITARY brain abscess
nocardia: GPR, branching, AEROBE, caues SINGLE brain abscess |
|
|
Term
| actinomyces israelli diseases |
|
Definition
location: gingiva, vagina
dental infection
invades bone
tissue swelling and draining abscess
lumpy jaw: cervicofacial swelling due to poor dental hygiene or trauma
CNS: solitary brain abscess |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nocardia asteroides and brasiliensis and mycetoma: location and risk factors |
|
Definition
| soil, transplant, trauma, immune supression, cancer |
|
|
Term
| nocardia asteroides disease |
|
Definition
cavitary bronchopulmonary disease
can spread to brain and cause solitary abscess |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
draining SC granules
cellulitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mycobacteria: stain type, growth media, growth requirements, special cell features |
|
Definition
GPR, acid fast, ogligate aerobes
cell wall has increased lipids so resists drying and detergents
facultative intracellular: escape macrophages
grow on lowenstein johnson
stain with auramine: rhodamine staining bacilli (sputum screen) |
|
|
Term
| TB: transmission, 5 virulence factors |
|
Definition
respiratory
sulfatides: inhibit phagolysosome, waxy
cord factor: decrease WBC migration
No LPS layer
exotoxin
ilicts HSV IV response causing ghon complexes/granulomas) |
|
|
Term
| primary pulmonary TB events |
|
Definition
| HSV IV response causing ghon focus and complex granulomas with macrophages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| erosion of granulomas into airway |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
HIV >5mm
AIDS anything at all (have no T cells...)
>10mm in high risk for exposure, IV drug users
>15mm in low risk for exposure |
|
|
Term
| how do you treat a person with a positive PPD |
|
Definition
| you dont! positive PPD does not diagnose TB. you do more tests and such |
|
|
Term
| mycobacterium scofulaceum sign |
|
Definition
| lymphadenitis of cervical nodes in kids |
|
|
Term
| mycobacterium marinium: cause, signs |
|
Definition
| fish tank abrasion causes single granuloma soft tissue infection |
|
|
Term
| mycobacterium leprae: stain type, growth requirements, locations |
|
Definition
acid fact rods
punch bopsy lesion to test
obligate intracellular
nasal discharge and armadillos |
|
|
Term
| 2 types of leprae and the difference |
|
Definition
tuberculoid: less severe, Th1 response can supress. LEPROMIN POSITIVE, MACULAR lesions, granuloma, parasthesia DUE TO MACULE MASS EFFECT
leprematous: severe weak CMI response, FOAM CELLS, lepromin negative, NODULAR lesions, parasthesia due to DAMAGE TO TISSUE, LION FACES due to CT distruction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| difference between neisseria meningitis and gonorrhea |
|
Definition
meningitidis: capsule, vaccine, respiratory, mannose fermenting
gonorrhea: genital, B-lactaminase |
|
|
Term
| neisseria characteristics of all |
|
Definition
GPC diplococci
flat sides
oxidase positive
glocuse fermenting |
|
|
Term
| N. meningitidis: growth, properities, appearance |
|
Definition
GNC diplococci
kidney bean shape
maltose fermenting
capsule latex
grows on chocolate agar with 5% CO2
LPS layer |
|
|
Term
| N. meninigitids: location, transmission, signs |
|
Definition
5% of population has in nasopharynx
respiratory droplets in crowds
abrupt fever, chills, vomiting, rash
fulminent: in younger kids, adrenal collapse (waterhouse fredricheson) death in 24h |
|
|
Term
| N. meningitidis: virulence |
|
Definition
LPS layer: septic shock, decreases C5-9 causing bacteremia
polysacchardia capsule B antigen: most common in US, not immunogenic NOT IN VACCINE |
|
|
Term
| components of N. meningitidis vaccine and tx |
|
Definition
conjuate: Y, W-135, C, A (NO B IN IT)
tx: rifampin for close contacts |
|
|
Term
| what is the most common cause of urethritis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| features of neisseria gonorrhea |
|
Definition
kidney shaped diplococci
sensitive to drying and cold
pilli with antigenic variation
outer membrane proteins: serotype
opa: antigenic, variable, adherance |
|
|
Term
| gonorrhea growth requirements |
|
Definition
| thayer marin chocolate and antibiotics to decrease flora |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
urethritis
arthritis
endocervicitis
PID
opthalmia: blindness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
erythromycin drops for opthalmia
ceftriaxone |
|
|
Term
| moraxella catarahallis: stain type, diseases |
|
Definition
GNC
otitis media and sinusitis #3 |
|
|
Term
| pseudomonas: growth requirements, stain type, color, appearance, cell features |
|
Definition
aerobic
non-fermenting
GNR
oxidase positive
catalase positive
grape odor
slime layer capsule
blue green on EMB/MacConkey |
|
|
Term
| pseudomonas virulence factors |
|
Definition
exotoxin ADD ribosylates eEF2 (like diptheria)
capsule- penetrates well in CF and pneumonia patients |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pneumonia
hot tub folliculitis
eye ulcer with contacts
erythema gangrinosum: black eschar
UTI HA
swimmers ear
DM malignant otitis externa |
|
|
Term
| what type of microbes florish in a patient with chronic granulomatous disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| legionella: stain type, shape, growth requirements |
|
Definition
GNR stains poor
needs cystine, Fe for growth (yeast extract with charcoal buffer, fastidious)
grows in water |
|
|
Term
| legionella pneumonia: location, transmission, risk factors |
|
Definition
facultative intracellular
transmission in air conditioning
not human to human
risk in smokers >55, alcoholics, immune supressed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| atypical penumonia, confusion, hyponatremia, diarrhea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
legionares disease in younger pt
less severe pneumonitis |
|
|
Term
| francisella: cause, stain |
|
Definition
facultative intracellular
rabbit fever
GNR |
|
|
Term
| bordatella: location, transmission, growth requiremenet, stain |
|
Definition
GNR, strict aerobe
human resivour on mucosa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fillamentous hemagluttin: allows to attach to cillia
pertussis toxin: activates islets causing hypoglycemia, attachment
adenylate cyclasetoxin: decreases leukocyte chemotaxis
trachial cytotoxin: kills cillia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
incubation 7-10d
catarrhal 1-2wk: best cultures, cold like
paroxysmal 2-4wk: whoop, vomiting
convalescent 3-4wk: decreased cough, pneumonia, seizure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| raganlow media of direct cough plate or nasopharynx culture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| brucella: stain type, location, sign |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 6 causes of bloody diarrhea |
|
Definition
camplobacter
shigella
EIEC
EHEC
salmonella
E. histolytica |
|
|
Term
| 5 causes of non-bloody diarrhea |
|
Definition
ETEC
vibro
norovirus
rotavirus
persistant = parasites (cryptrosporidium, giardia)
intoxications: B. cerus, S. aures, etc |
|
|
Term
| what bacteria is an exception to bloody diarrhea and why |
|
Definition
| EHEC: blood does not come from damage from the bacteria it comes from the toxin so there will be NO fever and NO PMN |
|
|
Term
| why is bloody diarrhea bloody, what are some signs |
|
Definition
invasive and inflammatory
blood, puss, PMN, fever |
|
|
Term
| most common cause of adult and kid diarrhea |
|
Definition
adult: norovirus
kid: rotavirus |
|
|
Term
| most common cause diarrhea in AIDS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| main way to tell shigella and salmonella apaet |
|
Definition
both are non-lactose fermenting
shigella is not motile and has no H2S
salmonella is motile and has H2S |
|
|
Term
| most common cause of bloody diarrhea |
|
Definition
| camplobacter (usually starts watery) |
|
|
Term
| how can you tell apart the two bloody diarrhea E. coli |
|
Definition
EIEC: + fermentation of sorbitol
EHEC: - fermentation of sorbitol |
|
|
Term
| camplobacter: stain type, appearance, locations, complications |
|
Definition
GNR curved at 42 deg
poultry, invasive, infective at low dose
bloody gastroenteritis, guillian barre, reactive arthritis |
|
|
Term
| H. pylori: appearance, growth requirements, lab reactions, transmission |
|
Definition
curved rod
microaerophilic
oxidase positive
urease positive
fecal oral
motile
silver stain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
invades stomach lining causing duodenal ulcer
MALToma (resolves with tx)
gastric adenocarcinoma (does not resolve) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
omeprazole
amoxicillin
clathromyicn |
|
|
Term
| vibro: shape, stain, growth requirements, lab signs |
|
Definition
GNR curved, polar flagella
oxidase positive
ferments sucrose |
|
|
Term
| V. colera: virulence, signs, location |
|
Definition
toxin causes voluminous watery diarrhea, increases cAMP
have to ingest lots has low virulence
acidity in stomach
in human colon, cocepods, shellfish |
|
|
Term
| Vibro parahaemolyticus: disease, cause |
|
Definition
| gastroenteritis from undercooked seafood |
|
|
Term
| vibro vulmificus 2 diseases |
|
Definition
gastroenteritis from undercooked seafood
cellulitis: rapid spreading |
|
|
Term
| properities of enterobacter |
|
Definition
GNR
facultative anaerbe
cytochrome C oxidase
turn nitrates into nitrites
LPS layer
endotoxin
antigens (O, H, K, V1) |
|
|
Term
| enterobactericae antigens |
|
Definition
O- cell envelope
H- flagella
K- capsule polysaccharide
V1- virulence capsule on salmonella |
|
|
Term
| how do tell apart the 4 enterobactericae |
|
Definition
E. coli ferments lacrose, klebsiella doesnt
salmonella has H2S and is motile, Shigella isnt |
|
|
Term
| E. coli: stain, fermentation, lab signs, locations |
|
Definition
GNR
ferment lactose
oxidase negative
human colon
enterohemorrhagic comes from cow poo |
|
|
Term
| most common cause of UTI and why |
|
Definition
| E. coli, pilli attach to urethra |
|
|
Term
| second most common causes of neonatal sepsis and meningitis (to GBS) and why |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why does E. coli cause sepsis |
|
Definition
| LPS layer endotoxin, nosocomal, central lines |
|
|
Term
| 4 types of E. coli and who/how to get |
|
Definition
ETEC: travelers diarrhea
EPEC: peds diarrhea
EIEC: distractor for dissentary
EHEC: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ETEC: LT toxin heat labile, increases cAMP like vibro
EHEC 0157:H7: verotoxin decreases protein synthesis |
|
|
Term
| what two bugs have toxin that increase cAMP to cause diarrhea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what two bugs decrease protein synthesis with verotoxin |
|
Definition
| EHEC 0157:H7 and shigella |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hemolytic uremic syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
not invasive, no fever
bloody diarrhea
no PMM (toxin causes the problem)
no fermentation or sorbitol unlike normal flora E. coli |
|
|
Term
| klebsiella: stain, characteristics |
|
Definition
GNR
capsule
ferments lactose |
|
|
Term
| what causes thick gelantenous red sputum |
|
Definition
currant jelly sputum
klebsiella |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
UTI nosocomal
pneumonia lobar (esp in alcoholic) |
|
|
Term
| what is the most common lobar pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| shiella: transmission, markers |
|
Definition
fecal oral, daycare, humans only
non motile
no H2S
non-lactose fermenting |
|
|
Term
| plaque: types, signs, appearance, tx |
|
Definition
bubonic: infective bubos
pneumonia: warfare, death fast
coagulates in flea and it regurgitates into person
bipolar safety pin, coagulase positive
tx aminoglycocides |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
plaque
coccidiodes
hanta virus
enterocolitica |
|
|
Term
| enterocolitica: growth requirements, signs |
|
Definition
grows in cold
bloody diarrhea
pseudoappendicitis |
|
|
Term
| proteus:lab signs, growth, staining, disease signs |
|
Definition
GNR
swarms
no lactose fermentation
makes urease which makes stones
increases urine pH which makes strones |
|
|
Term
| salmonella: staining, lab markers, types |
|
Definition
GNR
no lactose fermentation
motile H2S
enterolyticus, tymphanirum, typhi |
|
|
Term
| s. typhi: transmission, progression of disease |
|
Definition
fecal oral
human to human
mucosa > M cells > lymph > primary septicemia > seeds organs > gallbladder (home base) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rose colored spots
DIARRHEA AND CONSTIPATION
osteomyelitis in sickle cell
septicemia |
|
|
Term
| salmonella enteritidis and tynaphrium: location, MOA, diseases |
|
Definition
undercooked chicken, reptiles
need large dose because it is sensitive to stomach acid
no toxin causes inflammation itslf
gastroenteritis
osteomyelitis: esp sickle cell |
|
|
Term
| how can you diagnose salmonella |
|
Definition
| hektoen agar: H2S shows as black colonies |
|
|
Term
| hemophalus: staining, shape, lab signs, growth requirements |
|
Definition
GNR pleomorphic
not hemolytic
needs heme, X (hematin) and Y (NAD) to grow |
|
|
Term
| hemophalus virulence factors |
|
Definition
capsule: major virulence factor
satellite: staph is B hemolytic and releaes X and V so hemophalus can grow next to it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
otitis
bronchitis/pneumonia
epiglogttitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1st conjugate vaccine that has protein allowing class switch to get bettr Ab response |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lesion open (increases transmission)
painful cancre
slow to heal without tx |
|
|
Term
| gardenerella: stain, lab signs, growth requirements |
|
Definition
GN
facultative anaerobe
catalase postiive
oxidase negative |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
vaginal pH disruption,
odor
thin gray fluid
clue cell: vaginal epithelial cell coated with bacteria |
|
|
Term
| pasturella: disease, cause, tx |
|
Definition
cellulitis due to cat bite (dogs pant so less O2 which kills it)
rapid spread
augmentun and clauvonic acid |
|
|
Term
| eikenella corrodens: cause, signs, disease |
|
Definition
human bite
bleach smell
carodes agar
cellulitis |
|
|
Term
| capnocytophagia: risk factures, stain type, cell sign |
|
Definition
dog bite
encapsulated so splenectomy is risk factor
GN
fillamentous |
|
|
Term
| bartonella: stain type, cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| bacteroides: stain type, growth need, disease |
|
Definition
GNR
anaerobic
infect surgical wounds |
|
|
Term
| treopnema pallidum: growth requirements, how to test for it and in what phase |
|
Definition
obligate pathogen
primary: spiralis on microscopy
secondary: non specific AB test and specific FTA ABS test positive
tertiary: nonspecific test negative, specific positive |
|
|
Term
| signs of syphillis in all stages |
|
Definition
prmary: chanker, painless, lasts few weeks
secondary: rash on palms and soles, condolymata lata, flat wart like, highly infectious
latent none
tertiary: gumma, AORITIS |
|
|
Term
| signs of congenital syphillis |
|
Definition
stillbirth
keratitis
CN VIII dammage
hutchensons teeth: notched
desquamation rash
snuffles
saddle nose
saber shins |
|
|
Term
| tx and SE of syphillis tx |
|
Definition
pen G
jarish-herxheimer rxn: LPS fly off dueing TX inducing shock when tx spirochetes |
|
|
Term
| borellia: appearance, stain, transmission, growth requirements |
|
Definition
large GN
microaerophillic
ixodes tick |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
primary: bulls eye annular lesion
secondary: fever, chills, muscle pain, nodes enlarged
tertiary: HSN III arthritis migratory, myocarditis, meningitis, bells palsy |
|
|
Term
| leptospira: where does it come from, distinguishing cell feature |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| chalmydicea: stages of replication |
|
Definition
elementary enters cell but cannot replicate so turns into reticulate body
it replicates and turns into elementary to leave cell |
|
|
Term
| serotypes and diseases of chalmydia |
|
Definition
D-K: nongonoccal urethritis, PID, conjunctivits
L1-3: lymphogranuloma venerium: swollen nodes, genital elemphantitis, fistula
A-C trauma: follicular conjunctivitis, conjunctival scaring due to inturned lashes leads to blindness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C. psitaci: transmission, disease |
|
Definition
bird poo
atypical pneumonia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rickettsia rikettsia: disease, transmission, pathogenesis, signs, tx |
|
Definition
RMSF
dermacentor tick
vasculitis invades endothelium
rash begins at ankles.wrist involving palms and soles
tx doxycycline |
|
|
Term
| R. prowazekii: transmission, disease |
|
Definition
lice in crowded unsanatary area
epidemic |
|
|
Term
| mycoplasma: disease, cell features, growth agar |
|
Definition
extracellular, no cell wall
no B-lactams work!!
peptidoglycan wall
fried egg colonies on Eatons agar
dry hacking cough, atypical pneumonia
spreads fast
young adults
cold agglutinins |
|
|
